| Ten złotych (Poland) | |
|---|---|
| Value: | 10 Polish złoty |
| Width: | 120 mm |
| Height: | 60 mm |
| Security Features: | Watermark, a security thread, microprinting, ultraviolet ink, a see-through register (recto-verso), latent image (angle effect), metallised ink. |
| Paper Type: | White Paper |
| Years of Printing: | 1794 - 1831; 1924 - 1950; 1950 - 1995; 1995 - present |
| Obverse | |
| Design: | Portrait of Duke Mieszko I in centre area |
| Designer: | |
| Design Date: | |
| Reverse | |
| Design: | Depiction of a denar, a silver coin from Mieszko I's reign |
| Designer: | |
| Design Date: | |
The 10 Polish Złotych note is the lowest value złoty banknote and has been used since the redenomination of the złoty in 1995. The note is used in Poland, which has it as its sole currency; with a population of about 38 million.
It is the smallest note measuring 120×60mm with a dark brown and green colour scheme. The ten złotych note features a portrait of Duke Mieszko I in the obverse centre area, while the reverse depicts a denar, a silver coin from Mieszko I's reign.
The banknote is protected with multiple security features, like watermarks and microprinting, which document its authenticity.
The ten złotych note has been used from 1794, with the rest of the first złoty banknotes, although there were some breaks in its usage.
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In 1794, treasury notes were issued in denominations of 5 and 10 groszy, 1, 4, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 złotych.[1] The Duchy of Warsaw issued notes for 1, 2 and 5 talarów.[1]
In 1824, the Bank Kassowy Królestwa Polskiego issued notes for 10, 50 and 100 złotych.[1] The Bank Polski issued notes dated 1830 and 1831 in denominations of 1, 5, 50 and 100 złotych, whilst assignats for 200 and 500 złotych were issued during the insurrection of 1831.[1] From 1841, the Bank Polski issued notes denominated in rubel.[1]
In 1924, along with provisional notes (overprints on old, bisected notes) for 1 and 5 groszy, the Ministry of Finance issued notes for 10, 20 and 50 groszy, whilst the Bank Polski introduced 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 złotych.[1] From 1925, the Ministry of Finance issued 2 and 5 złotych notes, before they were replaced by silver coins, and the Bank Polski issued 5, 10, 20 and 50 złotych notes, with 100 złotych only reintroduced in 1932.[1] In 1936, the Bank Polski issued 2 złote notes, followed in 1938 by Ministry of Finance notes for 1 złoty.[1]
In 1939, the General Government overprinted 100 złotych notes for use[1] before, in 1940, the Bank Emisyjny w Polsce was set up and issued notes for 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 złotych.[1] After liberation, notes (dated 1944) were introduced by the Narodowy Bank Polski for 50 grosz, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 złotych, with 1000 złotych notes added in 1945.[1]
In 1950, new notes, which were dated 1948, were introduced for 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 złotych, but 1000 złotych notes were added in 1962.[2] 200 and 2000 złotych notes were added in 1976 and 1977, followed by 5000 złotych notes in 1982.[2] The late 1980s and early 1990s saw high inflation in Poland and led to the introduction of notes in denominations of 10,000 in 1987, 20,000 in 1989, 50,000 in 1989, 100,000 in 1990, 200,000 in 1989, 500,000 in 1990, 1,000,000 in 1991 and 2,000,000 złotych in 1992.[2] These notes (and coins) were valid, but with the exception of the 200,000 złotych note, until the end of 1996.[2] They could be exchanged at the National Bank of Poland and some banks obligated to it by the NBP until 31 December 2010, and they are no longer legal tender.[2]
In 1995, notes, which were dated 1994, were introduced in denominations of 10 złotych, 20 złotych, 50 złotych, 100 złotych and 200 złotych.[3]
On the obverse, in the middle of the note, there is a portrait of Duke Mieszko I and the inscription "Mieszko I" in a decorative medallion.[4] On the left side of the note, beside the denomination is the inscription "NARODOWY BANK POLSKI".[4] Below is the emblem of the Republic of Poland.[4] Under the Eagle is the date of the designation of the new banknotes.[4] Below the date are the signatures of the Chairman and the Main Treasurer of the National Bank of Poland.[4] The background of the inscriptions and the emblem consists of two stylised Romanesque rosettes.[4] On the left side, on the watermark area, there is a composition of guilloche lines.[4] In the upper left corner, under the vertical denomination, are the words "DZIESIĘĆ ZŁOTYCH".[4] In the lower left corner, the sign for the blind in the shape of a square with raised edges is placed.[4] On the right side of the banknote, at the top and bottom there are separate fields.[4] The upper field bears the denomination, with a drawing of a crown in an oval below and four 10s around the crown, and decorative floral ornamentation underneath.[4] The numerical denomination of the note in the top left-hand corner, the line below that, is a marking for the visually impaired and the lower right-hand field are all filled with white ornamentation.[4] The background on the front of the note consists of guilloche mesh with intersecting lines of light green, blue, grey-blue and yellow.[4]
The reverse of the note consists of a depiction of a denar, a silver coin from Mieszko I's reign, in the centre area.[4] On both sides of the denar are fragments of Romanesque columns.[4] At the top is an inscription, "NARODOWY BANK POLSKI".[4] Below the denar is a rectangular field of ornaments bearing the number "10" to the left and the inscription, "DZIESIEC ZLOTYCH", to the right.[4] To the left of the denar, against the background of guilloche ribbon is a crown in an oval, with four "10"s around the crown.[4] To the right of the denar, "BANKNOTY EMITOWANE PRZEZ NARODOWY BANK POLSKI SA PRAWNYM SRODKIEM PLATNICZYM W POLSCE" is written.[4] Below the drawing of the crown and in the background of the text, is a composition of guilloche lines making up a repeated number "10".[4] On the right-hand side of the note, at the top, against the background of guilloche ribbon the number "10" is filled with white ornaments.[4] In the bottom right-hand corner are the initials of the National Bank of Poland.[4] In the area of the watermark is the composition of guilloche lines.[4]
As the lowest-value banknote of the Polish złoty, the security features of the ten złotych banknote are not as high as the higher denominations, however it is protected by a:
The serial number of the ten złotych note consists of two upper-case letters and seven digits printed horizontally on the front of the note, in black on the lower left-hand side and in red on the lower right-hand side.[4]
There has been only one ten złotych collector banknote, which was issued in 2008.[5]
On 30 October 2008, the National Bank of Poland issued its second collector's banknote, this time commemorating the 90th anniversary of Polish independence. 80,000 banknotes of this kind were printed.[6]
The right side of the obverse bears a bust of Joseph Pilsudski viewed in profile.[6] Beside the picture of Pilsudski there is a view of the Belvedere Palace, which was seat of the Chief of State in the years 1918-1922 and being the residence of the Polish Marshal from 1926 to 1935.[6] The second image of Joseph Pilsudski, visible in the lower left corner, recalls that the most urgent challenges facing the country had a military character.[6] The Marshal, in a military cloak and cap, is leaning on the edge of a trench and watching.[6] Above the view of the Belvedere Palace is the emblem of the Polish state in its present form.[6] Beside Pilsudski's picture, on the right hand side is the year '1918' in vertical writing.[6]
On the reverse, the image of the White Eagle, according to the formula of 1919, is placed, used among others in the years 1919-1023 on the Polish brands, the first money issued by the independent Polish state.[6] Kielce is situated next to the monument, called the "four arms", showing figures of four legionnaires marching in formation.[6]
The banknote is protected by multiple security features:
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